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| Text Book Contents in Brief | Text Book Objectives - Ch. 1-10 |
| Text Book Objectives - Ch. 11-20 | Text Book Objectives - Ch. 21-26 |
The student will:
o use metric (SI) units in measurement of length, mass, and volume
o perform calculations with signed numbers and percentages
o graph and interpret experimental data
o apply the factor-label method to solving problems
o classify matter in terms of elements, compounds, and mixtures
o distinguish among different types of mixtures (solutions, colloids, and suspensions)
o distinguish between chemical and physical changes and/or properties
o classify elements as metals, nonmetals, or metalloids based on their physical and chemical properties
o define the terms solution, solvent, and solute
o define the terms insoluble, unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated
o use solubility curves to describe the effect of temperature on solubility
o given the pH of a solution, classify it as acidic, basic, or neutral
o describe, on a molecular level, what happens when a solid dissolves in water
o purify a water sample using separation and filtration
o describe the properties of the three major subatomic particles
o describe the Bohr model of the atom
o determine the number of e-, p+, and n0 in a nuclide
o write electron dot notations
o draw structural and electron-dot formulas for the first ten alkanes
o describe the process involved in covalent bonding
o explain endothermic and exothermic reactions in terms of bonds breaking and reforming
o predict solubility based on bond type and molecular shape
o relate properties to intermolecular forces
o write formulas for simple ionic compounds when provided with the charge and name of the anion and cation
o interpret symbols and formulas in a balanced equation in terms of atoms and molecules
o write balanced chemical equations and relate them to the law of conservation of matter
o write balanced equations, incorporating energy terms, for the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels
Descriptive Chemistry of the Elements (Periodic Table)
o predict physical and chemical properties of an element
o write formulas for various compounds
o identify elements by atomic masses and atomic numbers
o construct a workable periodic table given physical and chemical properties of a set of elements
o compare the reactivity of selected elements, and explain the differences in terms of the structure of their atoms
o define oxidation and reduction, and compare the three most common redox-reaction methods for separating metals from their ores
o relate chemical principles to the everyday world
§ discuss water purity as it relates to community health
§ give examples of renewable and nonrenewable resources
§ identify current major sources of energy and investigate alternative sources of for the future
§ compare the uses of food as a source of molecules for “building” and “burning”
§ evaluate the risks and benefits of various nuclear technologies
§ explore the technological issues of global warming, ozone depletion, and acid rain
o calculate solution concentration as a percentage
o calculate the percent saturation of a solution
o demonstrate the ability to organize and interpret data in graphs or tables
o define the term mole and calculate the molar mass of a compound when provided its formula and the atomic masses of its elements
o calculate the percent by mass of an element in a compound given the formula of the compound
o calculate energies of various combustion reactions
o calculate energy changes (in joules and calories) from calorimetry data
o explain the concept of the mole and how atoms, molecules, and ions can be counted indirectly
o calculate molar masses for various compounds
o calculate the limiting reactant in a chemical change and relate the concept to biochemical processes
o use molar masses and abundance data of isotopes to calculate average relative mass of elements
o calculate % composition for a given compound
o solve mass-mass problems
o use mathematical equations (Charles’ and Boyles law) to analyze the relationships among temperature, volume, and pressure of a gas
o explain the relationship between density and viscosity and the number of carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon molecule
o describe the process of fractional distillation listing the five major fractions
o name the first ten alkanes
o explain the effect of carbon chain length and side chains on hydrocarbon boiling points
o define the term isomer, and draw structural formulas for the isomers of a given hydrocarbon
o compare saturated with unsaturated hydrocarbons in terms of formulas, structures, and physical and chemical properties
o identify the functional groups for common alcohols, carboxylic acids, and esters
o give an example of addition and condensation polymerization
o compare and contrast mono-, di-, and polysaccharides in terms of structural formulas and properties
o identify the key functional groups in carbohydrates and fats and write an equation for the formation of a typical fat
o distinguish between saturated and unsaturated fats, relating the consumption of each to health
o describe how functional groups in amino acids interact in protein formation
o distinguish between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation and their differing biological effects
o discuss the general properties of electromagnet radiation, and the energy characteristics of radiation of various regions of the electromagnetic spectrum
o compare and contrast the general properties of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, including penetrating power, and discuss safety considerations in terms of shielding abilities of cardboard, glass, and lead
o balance nuclear equations, and use them to describe natural radioactive decay
o explain the concept of half-life and discuss the implications of half-life for natural radioactivity and nuclear waste disposal
o solve half-life problems
o define nuclear transmutation, using a nuclear equation to illustrate the process
o distinguish nuclear fission from nuclear fusion
o perform safely and accurately the known experiments and record results
o identify the cation in an unknown salt
o identify the anion in an unknown salt
o report the correct formula and name for the unknown salt